Essay The History of Slavery in the United States

Following the success of Christopher Columbus’ voyage to the Americas in the early16th century, the Spaniards, French and Europeans alike made it their number one priority to sail the open seas of the Atlantic with hopes of catching a glimpse of the new territory. Once there, they immediately fell in love the land, the Americas would be the one place in the world where a poor man would be able to come and create a wealthy living for himself despite his upbringing. Its rich grounds were perfect for farming popular crops such as tobacco, sugarcane, and cotton. However, there was only one problem; it would require an abundant amount of manpower to work these vast lands but the funding for these farming projects was very scarce in fact it was†¦show more content†¦Situations became more intense for those slaves who actually reached the plantations over in the Americas. Many of the plantation owners had returned home to Europe, leaving their holdings (slaves and land) in Am erica to be managed by overseers who were often unstable. Often times slave families were split up and they were not allowed to learn to read or write. African men, women, and children were forced to work with little to eat or drink. From today’s perspective this seemed very inhuman to treat another human being in such a manner. However, in between the 16th and 19th centuries the harsh treatment of slaves was accepted on the basis they were not considered ordinary human beings; they were if anything a sub race a less superior one. Slave labor provided some of the most sought after items in Atlantic and European trading exchange such as sugar, coffee, and cotton of the Caribbean; tobacco and rice of North America and lastly gold and sugar of Portuguese and Spanish South America. These commodities represented about a third of the value of European trade at the time. Slaves were usually allocated an area of the plantation for their living quarters. On some plantations the owner s would provide the slaves with housing, on others the slaves had to build their own homes. Slaves that had to build their own houses tended to make them like the houses they had had in Africa and theyShow MoreRelatedSlavery And The United States1507 Words   |  7 PagesOver the centuries, slavery held a prominent factor in United States history. Slavery shaped and formed what society was in the United States. Slavery’s influence impacted the United States in various ways. The ways that slavery impacted United States history are the United States economy, society and politics. Some historians argue slavery is not an important factor in United States history. However, they are wrong because slavery brought many different political movements and the Underground RailroadRead MoreSlavery Was A Part Of Many Societies And Nations Around The World1401 Words   |  6 Pages Slavery was a part of many societies and nations around the world in times past. There was slavery in North America before the United States was established. However, the United States continued the practice until the Civil War in the mid-1800s. Before the Civil War, slavery and descendants of slaves were much of the backbone and strength of the society and economy of the United States. Slavery really fully developed during the colonial times; boomed in the South during the antebellum times; andRead MoreEssay on Abraham Lincoln, A Great Leader in American History781 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the history of the United States of America, many great people have directed toward success. The American nation has been honored with many of the greatest people in history, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and James Madison. Abraham Lincoln is considered one of the most greatest president in US History. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12,1809 in Hodgenville, Kentucky. He is known for his leadership and skills as president along with his pleasant personalityRead MoreRace, Ethnicity, And Culture1329 Words   |  6 Pages1:30-2:45 Topic number 2 As society progresses and history is created, many factors such as race, ethnicity, and culture tend to shape the ideas among different people. One major group of people that were severely impacted was the African Americans in the United States during the periods from 1804-1813, 1819-1831, and 1832-1848. Based on the definitions from the Asian Pacific Americans: â€Å"Keywords,† Concepts and History, it is said that race is impossible to be defined race from the biologicalRead MoreRelationship Between Institution of Slavery and Outbreak of Civil War863 Words   |  4 PagesInstitution of Slavery and Outbreak of Civil War Abstract Fundamentally, Slavery is an economic phenomenon. Looking at the history throughout, slavery has always existed where it has been an economic worthwhile to all those having power. Before the Civil War in U.S, nearly four million slaves lived there. Rates of return on slaves were enjoyed by the masters and these rates were comparable to assets. Industrial enterprises, cotton consumers and insurance companies benefited from slavery. This essayRead MoreThe American Civil War1296 Words   |  6 Pagesissue of slavery, but deep down was due to economic differences between the North and the South. The South seceded from the North and created their own self-government due to their belief in the lack of state’s rights versus the federal government and what they saw as a weakness in the Articles of Confederation. While the Confederacy of the United States depended on slave labor for their economy in regards to plantation farming of cotton, tobacco and rice, the Union, whom represented the United StatesRead MoreThe End Of Chattel Slavery Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesLooking back in history, you will find that slavery was always present. There are accounts of slavery in Babylon, Greece, and Rome, all occurring before the Common Era; but there was a major change during the year 1619 in the way slavery was implemented. This form of slavery was known as chattel slavery. Defined as â€Å"A civil relationship in which one person has absolute power over the life, fortune, and liberty of another† (Legal-dictionary.com), chattel slavery targeted African slaves that were broughtRead MoreThe American Abolitionists Book Review Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesStanley, American Abolitionists is a book that scrutinizes the movement of abolishing slavery in the United States. It examines the movement from its origin in the 18century in the course of the Civil War and the elimination of slavery in 1856. American Abolitionists book focuses on the American Abolitionists who struggled to end slavery and advocated for equal rights for all African Americans in the United States. Harrold mainly focuses his book on the abolitionist movement and the effect of slavesRead MoreHistory Is The Study Of Fast Event931 Words   |  4 Pages History Final Assignment History is the study of fast event or information about fact what people did to make this world beautiful. From this class or especially from my professor Amy Bell I learn that what written in the books are not all fact. Before I used to hate history subject because of date, but after taking history two I started to love to study different history books to know the fact. Especially I read the united states history books because I live here andRead MoreThere Is No Such Thing as Rest: Slavery in Colonial America949 Words   |  4 PagesThere is No Such Thing as Rest In There is No Such Thing as Rest, former free man Solomon Northrup was captured and sold into slavery for the period of twelve years. Slavery is now acknowledged as one of the most shameful periods of American history. Slaves were utilized mostly in the American south on the large farms and plantations (Butler 2004). These were heavily agricultural communities which depended on farming to survive and to grow economically and politically. The more product that the

Stereotypes And Stereotypes Of Black Women - 858 Words

Stereotypes are images and ideas, fixed and oversimplified, of particular people or things. Black women tend to encounter the utmost sexual and racial stereotypes. The remarks that I commonly hear are black women emasculate their men and are also sexually inhibited. Media and society have installed these stereotypes in a majority of our minds. Black women hear stereotypes very frequently and begin to believe in them. I encountered an immense amount of stereotypes, but they were only misjudgments because they were not aware my full potential. Last year in February, I found out my boyfriend was cheating on me. I was not only enraged, but also shocked that he cheated with a white woman. Do not perceive what I phonated wrong, cheating is cheating, but his reasons for doing it were unbelievable. He said that she does not argue with him and she makes him feel needed. Stating knowledge, this brother did not have a job neither was in school trying to obtain an education. He was a serial cheater and highly disrespectful. When he stated that she made him feel needed, I only laughed. I laughed because even though he did not have anything I still remained loyal to him. I also laughed because when he stated she made him feel needed, he really meant to imply that she catered to him and let him do what he pleased. In my opinion, men who leave black women for white women because of stereotypical judgements are not masculine enough for strong black women. I aspire to get a man who needs meShow MoreRelatedBlack Women Stereotypes763 Words   |  4 Pagesstereotypical misrepresentations of African-American women and men in popular culture have influenced societal views of Blacks for centuries. The typical stereotypes about Black women range from the smiling, asexual and often obese Mammy to the promiscuous Jezebel who lures men with her sexual charms. However, the loud, smart mouthed, neck-rolling Black welfare mother is the popular image on reality television. The typical stereotype about Black men is the violent, misogynistic thug, and the ever-enduringRead MoreStereotypes Of Black Women And Black Children Essay1775 Words   |  8 Pages and black children more likely to deal with these issues, due to the fact the black women would rather keep their violence within their families than to bring the outside world involve, especially the police— â€Å"the family secret†. A reason that attributed to black women and the violence committed towards them being a hidden struggle for most of these women is because of â€Å"the lack of cultural competence†. Bent-Goodly then goes to quote Allard and Hill-Collins saying, â€Å"Negative stereotypes or mythsRead MoreEffects Of Stereotypes On Latina And Black Women1245 Words   |  5 Pages The effect of stereotypes on Latina and Black women Stereotypes have been around for a long time affecting the way people are treated. Many people confuse stereotypes with being prejudice but they are two completely different things. Today most stereotypes you hear are targeted to Black and Latina women. These stereotypes affect them in a negative way. There are multiple studies that show the way stereotypes affect the victim in various scenarios Stereotypes The way stereotypes started is not clearlyRead MoreStereotypes: Black Women vs. White Women in the Media983 Words   |  4 Pagesattitudes of Whites toward Blacks. White Americans, they show, learn about African Americans not through personal relationships, but through the images shown by the media. . In short, they conclude that although there are more images of African-Americans on television now than ever, these images are often harmful to the prospect of unity between the races. With the advancement of technology such as advertisement, there has always been a stereotypical view of how women are portrayed in the media.Read MoreAn Inside Look at Melissa Harris-Perry Essay1597 Words   |  7 Pagesmyths surrounding black women and the implication that correlate with these myths. Perry focuses on three main stereotypes of black women that began with slavery and are still prevalent in society today. Perry not only examines the depth and causes of these stereotypes, but she also scru tinizes their role in African Americans lives as citizens today. Black women today are not only separated from society outside of the African American community, but there are also existing stereotypes within the cultureRead MoreComm 3311707 Words   |  7 Pagesso many different stereotypes of black women, both positive and negative. The media plays a role in how black women are seen in society. A stereotype is a commonly held public belief about or types of individuals. The concepts of stereotype and prejudice are often confused with many other different meanings. Stereotypes can be about different age, racial or ethnic groups based on some prior assumptions. (J.F. Healey, Race, Ethnicity, Gender and Class pp33-35). The stereotypes seen in the mediaRead MoreEssay on Do Not Judge Me: Stereotypes are Ruining Our Society1513 Words   |  7 PagesStereotypes â€Å"Dumbjocks†, â€Å"Women don’t belong in a professional setting, they belong in the kitchen†,  "He must be a Jew, just look at his nose.(stereotypes and prejudices, para. 1) Today’s society is based solely on face values where people tend to place someone in a category because of those individuals actions. (Mcrae Stangore, 1996, p. 13) Prejudicial notations used to define members of a social or ethnic group are called stereotypes. People stereotype various groups of people, but none likeRead MoreStereotypical Black Women Essay1040 Words   |  5 Pageschild I would hear the term black queen. To my understanding a black women and a black queen are one in the same, but growing up the two words became different meanings. People began to change and no longer were they practicing their queen ways. People were now becoming ignorant and began following the crowd instead of being themselves, setting them apart as just black women. Black women have been around for several centuries and in that time we were vigorously known as black queens all over the worldRead MoreStereotype s And Stereotypes Of African Americans Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresented in the media with harmful stereotypes which were founded in the slavery era (Cartier, 2014)(Carpenter, 2012). This negative representation invites bias from those who accept the images, the distortion of which is accentuated by both sexism and racism. Black women are the least represented group in cinema, making it easier to rely on stereotypes which encourage societal bias. From these stereotypes, like the Jezebel and Sapphire, stem the â€Å"real world† stereotypes of the welfare queen and the crackRead MoreIn The United States, Not Only Are Latin Women Being Misunderstood,1508 Words   |  7 PagesIn the United States, not only are Latin women being misunderstood, but African American women are also stereotyped by other people. Latin women are discriminated in their dressing and service occupations, while African American Americans are stereotyped in sexually promiscuous, caregiving role, a nd â€Å"welfare queens.† Both of them are victims of racial stereotypes, which affect them negatively on their identities and characteristics. However, the differentiation of their cultures makes them being

Donner Case Free Essays

Order Size for drilling: * The Manual press needs 15 min for set up, in addition to 0. 08 min for every hole. Knowing that the typical circuit board has 500 drilled holes, then run time will be 0. We will write a custom essay sample on Donner Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now 08*500 = 40 min / board. Therefore, time taken to drill N boards manually will be equal to : 15 + 40(N) * On the other hand the CNC drill needs 240 min for set up, in addition to 0. 004 min for every hole. So run time will be 0. 004*500 = 2 min / board. Then the time taken to drill N boards by CNC drill will be equivalent to : 240 + 2(N) * It is then logic to conclude that we will use CNC drill only in order sizes that will provide timing benefit over manual press. i. e. when 240 + 2N 15 + 40N which means N 6 * However the shop floor policy dictates that only orders for more than 100 boards be drilled by CNC drill !!!!! Surely this must be changed * This means that they used the CNC drill in only 12 orders of the 60 orders received in September, while actually they should have used it in 35 orders ( all orders 6) !! Order Size for Profiling: * Set up time for Punch press is 50 min, while run time is 1 min / board. So Time taken to profile N orders will be 50 + N * While set up time for CNC routers reaches 150 min, in addition to 0. 5 min / board run time. So the time needed to complete profiling of N boards equals 150 + 0. 5(N) * Thus CNC reuters will produce time benefit if used only in orders more than 200 boards Capacity of Dry Film Photo Resist area: * Assuming order size equals 8 boards Then the panel preparation will take 5 + 0. = 5. 2 min Lamination Exposure will take 20 + 2 = 22 min Development will take 20 + 0. 2 = 20. 2 min * This means that Lamination and exposure are the bottle neck of the process, and the cycle time for this step will be 22 min / panel. Which means that the capacity will be 2. 7 panels / hour * If we increased order size to 2 panels (16 boards) Panel preparation will take 5 + 0. 4 = 5. 4 min Lamination Exposure will take 20 + 4 = 24 min Development will take 20 + 0. 4 = 20. 4 min Lamination exposure are still the bottle neck of the process, but the cycle time drops to 12 min / panel raising the capacity to 5 panels / hour.. Labor time for different order sizes: * Assuming four orders with one, eight, hundred and thousand boards each Operation| Setup| Run| One Board Order| Eight Board Order| Hundred Board Order| Thousand Boards order| PREPARATION| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Artwork Generation| 29| 0| 29| 29| 29| 29| Inspect Shear| 20| 0. 5| 20. 5| 20. 5| 26. 5| 82. 5| Punch Tooling Holes| 10| 0. 5| 10. 5| 10. 5| 16. 5| 72. | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | IMAGE TRANSFER| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Drill| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Manual| 15| 0. 08| 55| Â  | Â  | Â  | CNC Drille| 240| 0. 004| Â  | 256| 440| 2240| Metallization| 10| 0. 75| 10. 75| 10. 75| 19. 75| 103. 75| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Dry Film Photoresist| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â   | Â  | 1. Panel| 5| 0. 2| 5. 2| 5. 2| 7. 6| 30| 2. Laminate Expose| 20| 2| 22| 22| 46| 270| 3. Develop| 20| 0. 2| 20. 2| 20. 2| 22. 6| 45| Electroplate| 25| 8. 5| 33. 5| 33. 5| 135. 5| 1087. 5| Strip DFPR| 5| 0. 2| 5. 2| 5. 2| 7. 6| 30| Etch Tin Strip| 10| 0. | 10. 2| 10. 2| 12. 6| 35| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | FABRICATION | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Soldermask| 45| 1. 5| 46. 5| 46. 5| 64. 5| 232. 5| Solder Dip| 30| 0. 5| 30. 5| 30. 5| 36. 5| 92. 5| | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Profile| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Punch Press| 50| 1| 51| 58| 150| Â  | CNC Router| 150| 0. 5| | | | 650| Inspect, Test, Pack| 45| 1. 5| 46. 5| 57| 145| 1545| | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Total Labor Time| Â  | Â  | 397| 615| 1160| 6545| * Total Labor time is 397 minutes, 615 minutes, 1160 minutes, and 6545 minutes. * Large orders will best utilize the operation Labor distribution for the operation considering minimum 8 boards per order: * One technician is assigned to inspection shear, and Punch Tooling Holes Operation Time = 31 minutes * One technician is assigned to CNC drill, and MetallizationOperation Time = 27 minutes * One technician is assigned to panel prep, Develop, and Strip DFPROperation Time = 31 minutes * One technician is assigned to Laminate Expose, and Etch Tin StripOperation Time = 31 minutes * One technician is assigned to ElectroplatingOperation Time = 33. minutes * Two technicians are assigned to SoldermaskeOperation Time = 23 minutes * One technician is assigned to SolderdipOperation Time = 30. 5 minutes * Two technicians are assigned to Punch pressOperation Time = 25. 5 minutes * Two technicians are assigned to Inspect, test, packOperation Time = 24 minutes * Artwork generation, CNC drill diskettes, and CNC router diskettes are done with non productive stuff as soon as the order is issued and prior to the actual wor k start. Throughput rate for manufacturing process is equal to the largest operation time for processes = 34 min to produce a patch of eight boards Max idle time per technician is 10 minutes per patch Reduce lead time for order delivery: * Provide an initial inventory to reduce raw material delivery time * Provide a fixed schedule for operation to minimize bottlenecks and work piling * Assign experienced technicians for emergency rush orders, small sized orders, and return boards to perform work off the main production line. Introduce a job action sheet moving with every panel to check mark every finished process to eliminate any returned work due to unperformed processes. * For any stoppage order a complete reschedule for the complete order is mandatory * Create a WIP and schedule sheet visual for the president and sales department to consider while planning for a bid * How to cite Donner Case, Essay examples

Forest Management and Timber Supply free essay sample

A discussion of the implications for the future of forest management on NIPF (Non-Industrial Private Forest) lands. This paper analyzes the issues surrounding timber supply in Southern U.S.A. The paper illustrates factors which contribute to timber supply, such as environmental constraints, demographic trends, public opinion, land owner objectives, slope, water availability, lack of access roads, urbanization, urban sprawl, and stands which are too small to harvest in an economically profitable manner. The paper brings another factor to be considered, that being that many municipalities have restrictions that do not allow timber harvest within their boundaries. The subject of NIPF land has received much attention from both the academic world and the United States Government. Recent studies indicate that the demand for timber will overtake that supply sometime before 2020. Extensive studies have been conducted in the southern states concerning the motivation behind usage of NIPF land, its impact on the regional economy and environmental factors. We will write a custom essay sample on Forest Management and Timber Supply or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The counties chosen for this study are the counties, which had the highest reported income from forest products in 2000. (Mix, 2000). The six counties chosen were Clarke, Marengo, Pickens, Monroe, Hale and Wilcox. These counties located in highly forested areas and have a high amount of NIPF land.

Person

Common Assessment Framework Introduced In Childrens Services Social Work Essays

Common Assessment Framework Introduced In Childrens Services Social Work Essays Common Assessment Framework Introduced In Childrens Services Social Work Essay Common Assessment Framework Introduced In Childrens Services Social Work Essay Why was the Common Assessment Framework introduced in Childrens Services, what does it try to accomplish and how successful is it in making this? This essay will discourse why Common Assessment Framework was introduced to Children s Services, what it attempts to accomplish and whether or non it has been successful, the construct behind it and briefly, the troubles in working with other wellness professionals to acquire the Common Assessment Framework to make what it was set out to make. The Every Child Matters Green Paper proposed the debut of a Common Assessment Framework ( CAF ) as a cardinal component of the scheme for assisting kids, immature people and their households. ( DfES 2004 ) Common Assessment Framework is a standard appraisal tool to be used by all professionals working with kids for appraisals and referral ( British Journal of Social Work ( 2009 ) . The reform docket in Children s Service was catalysed by the public enquiry into the decease of Victoria Climbie ( Crippling 2003 ) , an eight twelvemonth old West African miss who was abused and murdered in the UK in 2000 as a consequence of extreme inhuman treatment and disregard by her grandaunt and the her spouse, who were her defenders. An enquiry into the decease of Victoria Climbie ( Crippling 2003 ) exposed a failure to set in topographic point the necessary basic processs to protect her. Factors identified included deficiency of early intercession, hapless co-ordination, failure to portion information and the absence of anyone with a strong sense of answerability. As a consequence, the Common Assessment Framework ( CAF ) was one of the steps introduced under the alterations in kid protection policies and the green paper, Every Child Matters ( 2003 ) therefore was introduced to put out proposals for major alterations in kids s programmes to let every kid, whatever their background or their fortunes, to hold the needed support towards the accomplishment of a better result in the undermentioned cardinal countries: being healthy, remaining safe, basking and accomplishing doing a positive part and accomplishing economic wellbeing ( DoH 2003 ) The design, in concurrence with the lead professional and better information sharing policies and processs ; to alter the method by which services are delivered, traveling the focal point from covering with the effect of troubles in kids s lives, towards a more proactive preventive and precautional step. CAF is intended to be used for kids who have extra demands which may non be complex or terrible plenty to necessitate statutory intercession. It is for usage in state of affairss where there are concerns with how a kid is come oning in any manner ( raised by the kid, a parent or a professional ) , the kid s demands are ill-defined, the kid s demands are broader than a professional s ain service can turn to or where it is thought that CAF would assist to place the kid s demands. The bill of exchange Common Assessment Framework was developed in late 2004 with its revised version published in 2005. CAF is a new, more standardized attack for measuring the demands of kids for service and make up ones minding howA those demands should be addressed and met. It is meant for kids with extra demands ; that is, kids at hazard of hapless results ( DfES, 2005b, p1 ) . CAF is designed to be evidence-based, concentrating on demands and strengths, instead than concerns as seen in the British Journal of societal work ( 2009 ) 39, 1197-1217. The three stated purposes of CAF are to back up earlier intercession, better multi-agency working by, for illustration embedding a common linguistic communication of appraisal ; cut down bureaucracy for households ( DfES, 2005b, p1. ) CAF is non meant to replace many other appraisal agendas used in the assorted bureaus, such as the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families certification, but the authorities would wish the CAF to stand for the chief appraisal tool to back up inter-agency referral and multi-agency working ( DfES, 2005b, p 2 ) . Common Assessment Framework ( CAF ) is one of the lending elements to the following both of which are outlined in the Children s Act 2004, the bringing of incorporate services the support inter-agency co-operation ; and the safeguarding and advancing the public assistance of kids and immature people . caf @ bury.gov.uk How are kids services organised? What is the cardinal statute law that governs kids and kids s services, The purpose of Every Child Matters is to hold a few bureaus working together bearing in head their professional boundaries to intercede and back up kids from 0 to 19, utilizing a simple linguistic communication to run into the demands of these kids. It came up with the Integrated Children s System ( ICS ) , the Contact Point and the Common Assessment Framework ( CAF ) , they all have different systems and manner of working but have one common end which is to better the well being and to safeguard and advance the public assistance of kids and immature people. When a kid is seen as suffered disregard, maltreatment or has any waiter trouble or being looked after under the Children s Act 1989, their demands are assessed utilizing the Framework for Assessment of Children in Need and their households. The Integrated Child System ( ICS ) is used at this phase, this is done by seting information together measure by measure and entering information about both the kid and household, where a thorough appraisal is required an in deepness information is needed at this phase and must be gathered in a manner that can put as the footing for determination devising and can be used for different intents. ICS is supported by information engineering and it s the footing of the electronic societal attention record for kids. The IT system is besides known as ISC. Contact Point is a fast method to happen out who else is working with a peculiar service user, doing it a lighter manner to intercede and back up, it is a major tool Every Child Matters uses to presen t a better service to Children and immature people, holding said that Contact Point merely holds a small information about a kid, parent, practicians supplying services to the kid and carers until their 18th birthday, except for exceeding instances for illustration kids with mental wellness and sexual wellness jobs where their inside informations are still held under sever security. Common Assessment Framework on the other manus comes in every bit shortly as appraisal is needed at the really early phase and make up ones minding what action to take. It gives practicians the opportunity to set together and enter information about a kid or immature individual with extra demands in an orderly, consecutive frontward and simple. Work start from so and practicians begin to look out for the demands and what should be done and it s dealt with. CAF makes practicians across all bureaus, after the needed preparation to travel harmonizing to the processs to accomplish a reliable appraisal that c an be used by everyone covering with the instance. The national IT system to back up CAF will be developed. ( eCAF ) . This will assist authorized practicians to electronically make, portion and shop CAF within the bureaus. Unlike Contact Point CAF merely holds the information about some immature people and kids, with consent, and for a limited period of clip. Both Contact Point and CAF were created to for usage within kids s services, their end is to assist kids with extra demands get the aid and support they need, it s a tool to do easy early intercession and assist cover with extra demands before they get out of control and go more hard to decide. CAF and ICS has a common method to assessment, they both have a common manner of roll uping informations about a kid or immature individual around the spheres of developmental demands of a kid ; parent capacity ; and household and environmental factors. CAF and ICS are supported by engineering where as Contact Point is a fundamentally e ngineering solution www.evertchildmatters.gov.uk Why was CAF introduced and what s it s purpose The green paper, Every Child Matters, proposed the debut of a national Common Assessment Framework ( CAF ) as an of import portion of a scheme for assisting kids and immature people to accomplish the five precedence results of: being healthy: basking good physical and mental wellness and populating a healthy life style ; remaining safe: being protected from injury and disregard ; basking and accomplishing: acquiring the most out of life and developing the accomplishments for maturity ; doing a positive part: being involved with the community and society and non prosecuting in anti-social or piquing behavior ; economic wellbeing: non being prevented by economic disadvantage from accomplishing their full potency in life. The Common Assessment Framework ( CAF ) was decided upon based on the five basic keys. By the aid of a lead professional and better information shearing process CAF was designed from the concerns that the bing processs for placing and reacting to the demands of kids who are non accomplishing the five results identified in Every Child Matters do non work every bit efficaciously as they were meant to, to convey a better manner of how services could be delivered, due to the fact that services have in the past been delivered based on covering with the effects of troubles in kids s lives to forestalling things from taking the incorrect path from the start. It s chief focal point is to achieve to the fact that every kid gets the five keys. It is besides created to assist measuring kids with extra demands which are non excessively complex or sever as to demand external intercession such as statutory intercession. CAF s purpose is to give a method of appraisal to give support to early interc ession, to assist make up ones mind what needs to be done at an early phase instead than subsequently, it s to supply good and a batch more grounds based referral to targeted and specialist services. CAF is created to heighten on joint working and communicating between practicians in a common linguistic communication of appraisal and positions and as to how it could be resolved, it was besides designed to better the coordination and consistence around appraisals taking to fewer and shorter specializer appraisals. CAF was designed to assist to make up ones mind whether other specialist appraisals are needed and if so provide information to assist acquire it done. It was to give a clear image of a kid or immature individual s demands to be built up over clip and with the right consent shared among professionals. Has CAF achieved its purpose? ( positives and negatives ) Through CAF some practician began to accept shorn duty for kids and immature people with extra demands. Apart from holding to acquire parents accept to be portion of the appraisal process some practicians and directors are in position that in concurrence with other services CAF has a batch more chances in support to early intercession largely cosmopolitan services. Some besides had uncertainty as to whether there was adequate financess to run into the jobs raised and the demand of CAF. It is evident that CAF has had mixed responses. One appraisal of path-finding governments revealed that practicians and directors believed it has enabled a more strict follow-through of service bringing, publicity of better multi-agency working and were optimistic that it would finally draw down thresholds for service reception ( Brandon et al. , 2006 ) . The debut of CAF like everything has its strengths which in general gives a positive position seen by all, nevertheless, others have expressed their concerns about its been excessively formal to some organisations as descriptive dictatorship , curtailing the narrative devising sense of the state of affairs ; the troubles of assorted professionals and practicians with other accomplishments and outlooks finishing CAF otherwise or partly in the appraisal procedure ( Garrett, 2008 ; Gilligan and Manby, 2008 ; White et Al, 2008 ) . CAF in the East Riding for illustration is entirely aimed as a minimum degree engagement which will assist utilize cosmopolitan services to pull off early jobs and depress incorrect referrals to Social Care. The major knowing degree for engagement bureaus with the CAF has broader duty than CAF entirely, covering all included services proviso. The different bureaus involved is wide, but some bureaus are less active in go toing meetings and purchase in, in footings of resource input is limited. However, there some jobs which lessen the positive engagement, and makes CAF less effectual, these include less engagement of some bureaus in footings of resources input. Practitioners were of position that CAF was non cut downing the demand foe reappraisal, giving illustrations of some parents forced to reiterate their narratives during reappraisals, I can understand sometimes practicians would merely desire to be certain that things have non changed since the last appraisal, but the populace is of the position that CAF ever has the updated information at any clip needed, but for fortune of prepar ation and human mistake we find out that CAF still is non making what it was set out. Equally good as deflecting story-telling manner of composing studies, the CAF authors frequently found that the boxes did non assist them adequately to qualify the kid and parents. The format of the CAF was opposed by some professionals and practicians working with it.. Merely some professionals used the linguistic communication of demand, whereas over 80 per cent talked about challenges. In add-on to the descriptive demands, CAF forms besides do CAF does nt state a narrative it feels like school tests, multiple pick, you can click the boxes with the right reply, but it truly does nt give you er the Er aˆÂ ¦.The narrative. It is about narrative is nt it. It s about people s lives. It is nt approximately um spliting a life up into a batch of little boxes. And when you put all those boxes together it will be EQUAL to the narrative As seen in ( BJofSW 2009 39, 1197-1217 ) Certain start worker said I prefer a clean sheet of paper to show by ideas ibid.. Upon a period of over a decennary s work in human services organisations, Gubrium et al depict what they call the descriptive dictatorships of people signifiers , signifiers used in one manner or the other to depict and categorise people coming to the attending of human service professionals, hence, for Gubrium et Al, the dealingss of signifier completion to human activity is double. They are concerned with what kinds of descriptions the signifiers invite or the reportorial outlooks assumed to underlie credence organisational description ( Gubirum et al, 1989, p 197 ) . What may be the rational, moral and disingenuous capacities of form-completers? That is, what wiggle room ( Erickson, 2004, P, 20 ) do they have with these descriptive demands? ( Oxford University imperativeness 2008 ) . Gubrium et al argue that, completed signifiers like any manner of description, have transformative effects. They do non merely describe events as they occurred in existent clip. For illustration th ey may incorporate reciprocally sole classifications, which demands that the form-computer suspend incredulity that merely one class can use at any one clip, bearing in head that CAF is designed to hold evidence-based, focused on demands and strengths, instead than concerns . Professionals are encouraged to measure strengths, demands, actions and solutions for kids across three spheres derived from the model for Assessment of Children in Need and their Families ( DoH 2000 ) . Please disregard the recommendation below still have that to make I hold it written down will type it out tomorrow, I m working in the dark because my landlady forgot to acquire some electricity and my eyes are aching now. My talk ends at 11 so will complete it all with the Ref.. Recommendation and decision It is clear to me that the intent of the CAF and its work burden is to guarantee that professionals attend to, and record information deemed most relevant to their primary activities as distinct at this historical minute. The CAF is besides an over position presented as a complete professional opinion. However, I have shown above that the demands of the signifier cause information to be ordered in preferable ways, which can be unintelligible. I have talked about the fact that CAF constrains professional pattern in peculiar ways, it is so designed to exercise its ain stiff demands, which can experience rough to the one individual finishing the signifier. CAF in peculiar relies on the premise that it can further unvarying professional application and an ordinary ( White, Hall and Peckover, 2009 ) . Crippling ( 2009 ) still recommended that we need to affect more bureaus to do the work load easier and effectual and said the usage of Common Assessment Framework CAF needs to be farther promoted with Agencies . To accomplish the ground it was introduced practicians and everyone involved in utilizing CAF must be to the full cognizant of what it s all about and must be to the full trained to cognize the pros and cons of what CAF wants to accomplish, other Agencies working in line with CAF must besides maintain their systems and information updated to accommodate the demands of the kids and immature people who might necessitate this service to besides populate the lives they deserve. Parents and the general populace must be to the full cognizant of what CAF is trusting to accomplish in that manner they do nt experience pressured if they are called upon to give their blessing before an appraisal is carried out for their kids.

Barbara Ehenreichs The Roots of War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Barbara Ehenreichs The Roots of War - Essay Example Here, the chain of events elucidated in the writing is closely related to the notion of warfare by human beings. By drawing many cause and effects of warfare, Ehenreich attempts to challenge many of the prevailing understandings of war. In the very introductory paragraph of her paper itself, she negates some of the widespread misunderstandings on war such as the ideas that ‘war is essentially human’, war is essentially modern capitalist’ and war is instinctual’. War is mysterious. It stems from mysteries and it mystifies. There exist hundreds of misconceptions about war. Many people think that war is unique to human species. The proverbial saying goes that even animals do not kill except for food. According to Barbara Ehenreich, â€Å"there are [o]nly three types of creatures engage in warfare- humans, chimpanzees and ants†(598). Is tendency to go for war part of our genome make up? Feminists for long thought that it is testosterone that makes men wa r prone. War is not new to the human society. War prevails in all kinds of societies from primitive hunter-gatherers to modern capitalist ones. The first cause/effect assertion by the writer is that war is not equal to violence because violence is just part of it. It is a reductionism to say that war is equal to violence. No, war is greater than violence.

Food Law and Regulation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Food Law and Regulation - Term Paper Example According to Chinese scientists, consumption of bread that contains estrogen-like can lead to enlargement of breasts in male. Such enlargement of breasts would develop if the male consumed large amount of estrogen. It was concluded that male with large breasts must have consumed bread containing synthetic estrogen. Furthermore, traditional breads that contain dong quai are believed to constitute estrogen-like components. Specialists argue that people should consume traditional breads under strict supervision of a qualified herbalist to avoid any complications. In addition, they demanded that any bread that contains estrogen-like components should be indicated. Only those who want the component should purchase it. To maintain safe milk in Canada, any milk meant for human consumption must be subjected to various regulatory acts which are imposed by Canadian Food Inspection Agency, the Canadian  Agriculture Products Act and Dairy Product Regulations. These organizations ensure that any milk meant for the human consumption is graded and packed in healthy containers to avoid any contamination. In addition, they collaborate with companies that produce livestock food to ensure they do not include large or harmful amount of estrogen. Lastly, before any dairy product is allowed to the market, it must be tested to ensure it does not contain any harmful estrogen-like components (Science.gov, 2013). Nutritionists in Canada and USA argued advised people to consume organically produced food most of the time. They also claimed that utilization of cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower and kale are helpful as they contain substances that aid in elimination of harmful estrogens. Those who love fish and meat were encouraged to consume wild fish and hormone-free meat to avoid absorbing harmful estrogen in their body system. Farmers are encouraged to avoid using pesticides to control weeds. Instead, they were

The Economic Downturn Effects on I.T Projects in Singapore Case Study - 1

The Economic Downturn Effects on I.T Projects in Singapore - Case Study Example Beginning November 2008, global demand and investments in trade had been paralyzed and in turn had an adverse impact on several economic sectors in Singapore such as wholesale, retail, transport, and storage sectors. For instance, the manufacturing sector is estimated to have contracted by 3.7% in 2008 and is a bit better than the 5.8% contraction for the year 2007 (Bradley 2009). The services and construction sectors also registered a slower rate of growth by as much as 5.3% (the figures were an incredible 17.3% in 2007) (Bradley 2009). Laying a primary emphasis on mitigating job losses, the government of Singapore responded to the crisis by adopting several measures. Amongst them, one of the most significant initiatives implemented included a job-retraining program aimed at improving the professional skills of workers and to reduce the burden on businesses by paying for related expenses incurred over job training. In several other cases, the government also closed down several proj ects or instructed business to do so if it felt that they were to resource intensive or hampering the reversal of the crisis (include author). A broad review of related literature and news reports (include authors) suggests that the IT industry was generally favored and supported by the government during this period of economic recession and restructuring. For example, a tender to provide passive fiber grid for the next generation of the national broadband network in Singapore was awarded in September 2008. Decisions like these clearly indicate a high level of trust and commitment on the part of the Singapore government to support the IT sector and use of IT services despite and signifies the relevance of IT as an instrument for emerging out of the crisis. Further, a passive ICT infrastructure was to be implemented in Singapore by Netcom OpenNet to deliver speeds of 1Gbps and beyond. The government committed itself towards extending a grant of S$750 million to the contracted company so as to support the network implementation (James 2009) in the hope of opening up several opportunities along the way for many other I.T proj ects.

Boots Marketing Strategy

Boots Marketing Strategy INTRODUCTION: Boots (UK) Ltd is also known as boots, It is the leading health and beauty retailer with around 1400 branches alongside in United Kingdom and Ireland. It has also more than 300 branches of Boots optician. Boots is previously known as The Boots Company, it has most its outlets in high streets throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland. Boots is subsidiary company of Alliance Boots. After merger of Alliance Boots and Boots Group Plc., Boots launched. Boots are dealing with 8 million customer every week. Boots develops and sells own brand products, a number of which are leaders in their respective markets. The Boots brand is founded on the trust, expertise and heritage, which comes with its longevity in the market. Boots Group operates three principal businesses: Boots The Chemists; Boots Opticians; and Boots Retail International. Pharmacy is a fundamentally important part of the brand; representing one quarter of sales, it is the foundation of Boots authority and credibility. Boots stores are mostly located on high streets; but, in line with modern shopping trends, its presence in edge of town retail parks is rapidly increasing. Over the last three years 48 such stores have opened, as well as a flagship London store on Oxford Street. Overseas, Boots is working closely with other major retailers in their local markets, to open Boots branded within their stores. There are currently 758 implants in 13 countries. Boots also has 96 standalone stores in Thailand. Boots has had an illustrious history. From its beginnings in 1849 as an herbalist shop, Boots has continually developed new product ranges, many of which are now household names in their own right. By the 1930s, Boots had more than 1,000 st ores selling a wide range of products. Over the years Boots has successfully introduced brands such as 17 cosmetics, aimed at teenagers, which was introduced in 1968 and new business ventures such as Boots Opticians now a major division of the business. In 1985 the Research Department received the Queens Award for Technological Achievement for the discovery and development of ibuprofen. The analgesic ibuprofen was introduced in 1969 as a prescription drug, but launched as the over the counter brand, Nurofen, in 1983. Boots internet business has become increasingly important in the new millennium and a successful part of the brand. Improvements have been made to the online customer experience making navigation easier, resulting in boots.com sales becoming bigger than those of the largest Boots store. Boots is best known for selling a wide range of products under the Boots brand name across health and beauty. The merger between Alliance UniChem plc. and Boots Group plc. was completed on July 1 2006, creating an international pharmacy-led health and beauty group operating in more than 15 countries across the world. The Alliance Boots network will include two retail formats, both under the Boots brand, ranging from approximately 1,500 smaller dispensing pharmacies to approximately 800 larger destination high street and edge of town health and beauty stores. In addition, Alliance Boots will also operate approximately 300 additional retail outlets, including freestanding Boots Opticians practices. Boots is also developing in-store health zones in its bigger stores, which will include extended waiting areas for customers collecting prescriptions. Consultation rooms for pharmacists are also being introduced, as part of a government initiative to alleviate the pressure on GPs surgeries. Boots uses a wide range of media on an ongoing basis, including TV, press, and direct mailings to its Advantage Card members to highlight new products, offers and services. Jesse Boot, the son of John Boot, the brands eponymous founder, took control of the business in the 1870s. He had a business philosophy of buying in bulk and passing the benefit of reduced prices on to his customers. His policy of superior goods at competitive prices delivered with expert care meant that the Boots name became synonymous with quality, value and service. His earliest marketing was based around the concept of Largest, Best and Cheapest Branches Everywhere. This philosophy is still an important part of Boots today. It aims to treat its customers fairly and to act with integrity in everything it does, which results in the brand regularly being rated as the UKs most trusted brand. Boots also believes that it has an enormously valuable role to play in promoting the health of the nation. It achieves this by forming innovative, long term partnerships with charities, particularly focusing on womens cancer. Boots has worked with Breast Cancer Care for 11 years, and this year linked with the Eve Appeal to highlight ovarian cancer. Boots also supports the health of the UK everyday through its 15,000 healthcare advisers working in store. MARKETING STRATEGY: Marketing strategy  is a process that can allow an Boots to concentrate its limited resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable  competitive advantage. A marketing strategy should be centred around the key concept that customer  is the main goal. Developing a marketing strategy is vital for any business. Without one, your efforts to attract customers are likely to be haphazard and inefficient. The focus of your strategy should be  to make  sure that your products and services meet customer needs and  that you develop  long-term and profitable relationships with those customers. To achieve this, you will need to create a flexible strategy that can respond to changes in customer perceptions and demand. It may also help you identify whole new markets that you can successfully target. The purpose of your marketing strategy should be to identify and then communicate the benefits of what your business offers  to your target market. Once you have created and implemented your strategy, you should monitor its effectiveness and make any adjustments required to maintain its success. This guide helps you identify which customers to focus on and your key objectives in reaching them. It explains what to include in your marketing strategy and how it can be used as the basis for effective action. MARKETING MIX Boots has a marketing strategy that tries to increase turnover. Look carefully at this strategy (page 6) and suggest ways in which the strategy could be improved. How can Boots improve the image of its brand products? How can Boots boost the male market for beauty products? Think about the target group and the 4 Ps. Marketing is not just about selling, It involves:- Price: This is the term used to describe what a customer pays for a product and service. It includes the actual selling price, any credit terms and profitability. Boots has to decide price of product as per local market conditions and customers. Place: This part of the marketing mix is about many things. It is about Location where it is located, how easy it is to get there. Access when is it open, are their special access facilities for people with special needs. Distribution channels how can you buy the product or service provided or buy tickets for the attraction. Boots has to open their outlets at opportunities market at initial stages. Promotion: This is about how you let people know about what you have available. There are many different ways you can go about this: Advertising, Direct marketing, Public relations, Personal selling, Displays, Sponsorship, Demonstrations, Sales promotions. Boots have to promote their product locally by sponsoring local events and local advertisements. Product: This is what the Boots provides for its customers. It is what they buy or what they experience. What they buy are tangible goods or products. They are things that can be taken away such as tennis rackets from a sports shop. Mostly what the customer buys is intangible. You cannot take them away but you can experience them like a white-knuckle ride at a theme park. All of these are part of the product. When looking at the product, there are a number of things to think about to make sure it meets the needs of the customer: Product and service features, brand name, after sales service, product life cycle, Researching the market to find out what customers want. Developing and designing a product that customers desire/want. Producing the right amount of the right quality. Getting the price right so that the product is affordable and profitable. Making sure that the customer know about the product through promotion. Making sure the product is on sale in convenient places These combination of factors adds up to the marketing mix or the 4 ps. This Could improve strategy by aiming to increase turnover during other periods other than Xmas. And also Aim to increase their business with the male market. Boost brand products could be improved through advertising television, magazines etc. target specific consumer groups. In order to boost the male market Boots needs to distance the male products from the womens and target marketing and promotional campaigns at the male consumer group. The Marketing Strategy for boots going to international market should be as follows. The below are the analysis, how boots can achieve success by going it internationally. By exploring key market drivers they can make huge success. Brand Tracking data showed that Boots continued to be rated much higher than competitors on the quality and choice of healthcare products and on customer knowledge and advice. However, only 19 per cent of dispensing customers identified Boots as their first choice pharmacy. The reason Boots isnt first choice is because only 20 per cent of Boots stores are more conveniently located than their competitors and convenience is the primary driver of pharmacy choice. The audience are the key factors which can make differences. The dispensing audience is critical to Boots. More importantly when you analyse the audience it becomes apparent that the pare to principle applies to Boots pharmacy. 60 per cent customers are on repeat medication, this 60 per cent generat es 90 per cent of the Boots pharmacy revenue.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   In addition it is important to remember that our audience is heavily skewed towards those over the age of 60 (57per cent). This was important for us to keep in mind as we develop the strategy and Mother developed the creative work. We had to ensure that our positioning and messaging were relevant and motivating to a certain type of consumer.  Brand positioning is important for boots as they are going internationally.   Government legislation makes it illegal for any company to claim that their prescription Collection Service brand is better or different from competitors.  So in the absence of a distinct USP, PCS is effectively a parity service. As such, the positioning, creative and use of media became even more critical.  Operational: store visits revealed that the staff dont understand the PCS service and cant explain its benefit. Competitive: every competitor has an equal service to us. Some are using television advertising to raise awareness.  Communications: the previous agency had tried to use TV advertising to drive PCS sign-ups. While it may have driven awareness. Consumer: qualitative research revealed that customers didnt understand the benefits of the service either. They needed a few minutes of someone explaining it, and then they really understood how it saved them having to stand in a queue. Upon deeper interrogation of the brief, it was apparent that the required campaign was not an awareness one. This was not a mass message or proposition this was aimed specifically at people on repeat prescription. Therefore traditional ATL channels would prove to be an inefficient way of meeting our clients business objectives.  Theres only one place where youre really receptive about a message about not having to get tired of waiting in a queue. Its when youre standing in one. So we spent most of our media budget on huge signs hung above the queue. And then when customers got to the front of the queue, we got our staff to offer customers the chance to sign up to a service where you never have to queue again. So we were now communicating the right message at the right time. Remember the staff in-store didnt understand the service. And we were now using them as the primary communications channel. We couldnt just give them a T-shirt and a badge and expect them to sign customers up. So the final part of the strategy was to: train our staff on how to sell the service incentivise the staff by giving them longer coffee breaks if they reached their target number of sign-ups introduce a standard operating procedure so they knew how to enter. MARKETING ENVIRONMENT: The marketing environment surrounds and impacts upon the Boots. There are three key perspectives on the marketing environment, namely the macro-environment, the micro-environment and the internal environment. The micro-environment This environment influences the Boots directly. It includes suppliers that deal directly or indirectly, consumers and customers, and other local stakeholders. Micro tends to suggest small, but this can be misleading. In this context, micro describes the relationship between firms and the driving forces that control this relationship. It is a more local relationship, and the firm may exercise a degree of influence. The macro-environment This includes all factors that can influence and Boots, but that are out of their direct control. A company does not generally influence any laws (although it is accepted that they could lobby or be part of a trade Boots). It is continuously changing, and the company needs to be flexible to adapt. There may be aggressive competition and rivalry in a market. Globalization means that there is always the threat of substitute products and new entrants. The wider environment is also ever changing, and the marketer needs to compensate for changes in culture, politics, economics and technology. The internal environment. All factors that are internal to the Boots are known as the internal environment. They are generally audited by applying the Five Ms which are  Men,  Money,  Machinery,  Materials and  Markets. The internal environment is as important for managing change as the external. As marketers we call the process of managing internal change internal. Essentially we use marketing approaches to aid communication and change management. The external environment can be audited in more detail using other approaches such as  PESTLE Analysis, Michael Porters  Five Forces Analysis  or  SWOT Analysis. Pestle analysis: There are many factors in the macro-environment that will affect the decisions of the managers of any Boots. Tax changes, new laws, trade barriers, demographic change and government policy changes are all examples of macro change. To help analyse these factors managers can categorise them using the PESTEL model. This classification distinguishes between: Political Factors Political factor includes government policy, wars and conflicts, legal issues, some employment laws, revenue policy, environmental laws, trade policy, current legislation, future legislation, international legislation, governments stability, international trading policy, are the political factors that affect Boots. Economic Factors Economic factors includes economic crisis in country, employment problems, exchange rate, condition of stock market, change in international trade policy, fluctuation in tax, inflation rate, growth in economic are the economic factors that affect the Boots. Social Factors Social factors includes literacy rate, minimum wages, change in lifestyle, living condition and standards, demographic changes, population changes, occupation of people, earning capacity, consumers attitude, ethical problems, marketing and publicity pattern, religion issues are the social factors that affects the Boots. Generation gap between young employees and old age employees to fulfill both requirement and satisfied both according to their thinking strategy are work as a medicine. Dominant religion if they are religious, they will not work on the day they are worshipping like the Sabbath for Christians. Some religions favours certain animals such as in Hinduism, the cow is sacred; if cows were used in testing the chemicals or Boots sell anything that has beef in it, Hindus will probably not work there. Attitudes towards foreign products and services they dont like stuff for foreign companies; they are not likely to attract people who dont like foreign products. If people think foreign stuff are cheap and it compromises the quality of the product, their self-image may be an issue. Green issues If Boots were to do all sort of environmental harm, environmentalists will not work for them. Likewise, if environmentalists found out that Boots does recycling and is dedicated to planting a hectare of trees each month out of its own pockets, it will attract more environmentalists to work for them. Animal testing if Boots products were animal tested, protesters will not work for them, let alone any animal lover. Roles of men and women if there is any sexism in the company, women are likely to leave. If there are only a selected set of roles that each sex can apply for (e.g. facial cream sales rep, beauty treatment), then that would restrict the number of applicants and workers Boots will get. Health consciousness if people are health conscious, they can use their knowledge to promote products Boots has. On the other hand, if the applicant wasnt health conscious , he/she will not really guarantee a job as a sales assistant in any section to do with health products. If people have a choice of jobs with equal pay anywhere and they were not all that health conscious, then they are not likely to be applying for jobs at Boots. Technological Factors Technological factors includes arrival of new technology, quick acceptance of new technology, competing technology development, Information technology, intellectual technology issue, communication, replacement of technology, maintenance of machines, outsourcing of technology, Research and development activity, Customer relationship management are the technological factors that affects the Boots. Environmental Factors Boots has to take care of Staff, they have to increase morale of staff periodically by giving satisfying them. This could be satisfy by hierarchies needs. Boots has to concerns about staff engagement. Enjoyment between staff is necessary to increased productivity and quality of product. Boots has to conduct workshops for employees to increase product awareness, customers service lessons, and all other aspects which can help Boots. Boots culture is most importing aspects which can helps them to be a success in international market. Boots has also take care of pollution which may be created from Boots products or services or both. They has to more concern about recycling of products which can help to boost international image. They has to help government and consumers towards environment by giving service in environmental activities. Legal Factors Legal factors are important for a company who is going to internationally. Boots has to take in mind that what is happening in our sector that will impact what we do, they also have take care of minimum wages, working conditions as per local government rules. Governments is most important in legal factors. Boots have to take care of food items, Industrial training and take care of local child labour laws. The below legal factors affects boots and which will be Legislation in areas such as employment, competition and health safety, future legislation changes, changes in government law, trading policies and Regulatory bodies Pest analysis gives brief knowledge about key factors which is affect the Boots and Stakeholder to fulfil their needs .PEST analysis looks at the external  business environment  and is an appropriate strategic tool for understanding the big picture of the environment in which business operates, enabling the company to take advantage of the opportunities and minimize the threats faced by their business activities. When  strategic planning  is done correctly, it provides a solid plan for a  company  to grow into the future. With a PEST analysis, the company can see a longer horizon of time, and be able to clarify strategic opportunities and threats that the Boots faces. By looking to the outside environment to see the potential forces of change looming on the horizon, firms can take the  strategic planning  process out of the arena of today and into the horizon of tomorrow. PEST is not a set of rigid compartments into which ideas need to be sorted. It is better thought of as a set of hooks that can be used to fish for important facts. Once the factors have been fished out, it does not matter which hook they were attached to. When it comes to writing up the analysis, there is no need to mention the PEST labels at all. Porters Five Forces for Competitive Position Porters five forces is strategy for competitors, deals with issue regarding the suppliers, Rivalry, threat about their competitors, substitutes, and threats of new market entrants are the porters five forces. Power of Suppliers: It includes concentration of supplier on business, importance of volume to supplier, separation of inputs, and impact of inputs on cost, Threat of future assimilation, cost relative to total purchase in industry, switched cost of Boots. Power of Buyer: It includes bargaining leverages, volume of buyers, detail information of buyer, identity of buyer, and sensitivity of price, incentives of buyer, threat related to past integration, differentiation of products. Entry barriers: Both new and existing competitors feels threat. It includes absolute cost advantages, access of inputs, Economic scale, capital requirement, and identity of brands, governments binding policy, and access of distribution channel. Threat regarding substitutes: Buyers tendency to substitutes, price performance of substitutes, switching cost of buyers, buyers opinion regarding the product and its separation and amount of substitutes product available in market. Rivalry: It defines when some organization competes with each other in same business for same thing. It is important to make strategy to deals with competition in same business environment. It determines attractiveness of Boots. Swot Analysis: Environmental scanning includes internal analysis of the Boots and external macro environment and task environment. Internal analysis and external analysis of Boots is known as a SWOT analysis. This analysis gives brief knowledge about auditing of Boots and details of products. SWOT Analysis is the base of making strategy and to manage risks regarding to the products. It is very important to understand general techniques and functions of managements. .SWOT analysis makes suitable environment for identifying and analysing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threat. It also gives clear vision regarding situation and making suitable strategies and business formulas. There are following stages of SWOT analysis. Strengths Appropriate Environment, strong brand name, Strong background, good reputation, strong distribution channels, good quality natural resources, exclusive rights of products are the strengths of business Boots. Boots turnover and current sales are marginal to enters global market. Boots have clear objectives which can help to understand the global market easily. Boots is successful manufacturer of health and safety products. There customers are loyal to the brand which can helps to enter global market. Weakness Boots failed to attempts to diversified in Halfords. Saturated global market is also important factor for boots in this segment. Boots is also failed to expand their business in European market. Weak background, inappropriate environment, inferiority raw material, lack of natural resources, lack of manpower, unreliable product and services ,lack of finance, weak brand name, poor reputation, lack of distribution network are the weaknesses of business Boots. At present situation of credit crunch, their operating profit is falling. Boots market strategy failed to target socio-economic groups . Opportunity Boots has opportunity by some success with implant in south east Asia. There is a possibility of  £100 million savings if they merger with Alliance Unichem. Women are the key customers of this kind business and at present that 11 million people have an advantage card, but only 9% being male. Now a days internet selling is important and Internet sales becoming popular. They have an opportunity to expand their business in ethical market. Male healthcare and beauty products are also opportunity for boots. Increasing production when low revenue cost, increasing production when inflation rate is low, quick acceptance of latest technologies, take benefits of international trade policy, investments which is favourable for Boots are the opportunities of Boots. Threat Tesco and other supermarkets are threats after deregulation of Boots. Competitors sales of product through the internet is remarkably high as compared to Boots. Competitors, less interest of customers in product, fluctuations of price between competitors, changes in government policy like tax, revenue and inflation rate, Demographic changes in target market, changes in population age are the threats of Boots. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Boots could expand their business overseas. Because it has had failures but can benefit from this experience. Boots could look for further mergers to give it access to more markets either in the UK or abroad. Unichem does have pharmacies and hospitals abroad. Boots could continue with the idea of implants. Boots could continue with its core activity of developing new products in healthcare. It has a great deal of expertise in research and development and an understanding of the market. The male market is under-developed and needs to be expanded. The Advantage Card is not used by male customers. I would recommend that Boots concentrate on its core business for a number of reasons which are Boots should not diversify because it has failed in markets, Boots has only recently merged with UniChem. If this proves to be successful it should merge with other companies as this increases market share and lowers cost, The UK market is saturated, Boots should expand its internet sales worldwide. Boots should re-design it marketing strategy toward young male customers. This would expand its core business. The Advantage Card needs to be launched to male customers to improve the core business.

Full Service Cinema: The South Korean Cinema Success Story (So Far) :: Free Essays Online

Full Service Cinema: The South Korean Cinema Success Story (So Far) Fifteen years ago, South Korean cinema was in precipitous decline. It was facing deadly competition from Hollywood as import barriers were dismantled, and had almost no export market. Today, South Korean cinema is widely considered the most successful and significant non-Hollywood cinema anywhere in the world today. It is successful both in the domestic market, and internationally. This essay sets out to understand this phenomenon. First, it attempts to trace South Korean cinema’s comeback story. I feel a need to do this because I find that so many of my South Korean friends and colleagues are reluctant to admit this, or focus solely on the problems the industry is facing in the future. There may be worries about the future and there may be â€Å"ifs† and â€Å"buts† about the present state of the South Korean film industry. But we should start out by acknowledging its success. In considering some of the reasons for the recent success of South Korean cinema, two further observations can be made. First, if we pay attention to the international export success of South Korean cinema, we can see that it has carved out a new route. This is based on regional markets at least as much as Europe and the United States. Second, unlike the successes of the Taiwanese and Chinese â€Å"new waves† since the 1980s, it is not based on the old European art cinema model. This raises a question about the viability of art cinema, independent feature films, short films, independent documentary, and other less profitable and commercial modes of filmmaking in South Korea. It may even lead some people to believe that those other modes of filmmaking are not an integral part of the new South Korean cinema success story. Yet, my third and final point will be to argue against this and for the importance of what I want to tentatively call â€Å"full service cinema,† includ ing a full range of modes of production and consumption. In making this point, I want to challenge another very common assumption not only in South Korea but everywhere—the idea that art cinema and independent cinema are opposed to mainstream commercial cinema. While there may be an aesthetic opposition between them, it is a strategic mistake to translate this into an institutional opposition. Even though their philosophies may be very different, as I will attempt to outline today, they need each other to succeed. Full Service Cinema: The South Korean Cinema Success Story (So Far) :: Free Essays Online Full Service Cinema: The South Korean Cinema Success Story (So Far) Fifteen years ago, South Korean cinema was in precipitous decline. It was facing deadly competition from Hollywood as import barriers were dismantled, and had almost no export market. Today, South Korean cinema is widely considered the most successful and significant non-Hollywood cinema anywhere in the world today. It is successful both in the domestic market, and internationally. This essay sets out to understand this phenomenon. First, it attempts to trace South Korean cinema’s comeback story. I feel a need to do this because I find that so many of my South Korean friends and colleagues are reluctant to admit this, or focus solely on the problems the industry is facing in the future. There may be worries about the future and there may be â€Å"ifs† and â€Å"buts† about the present state of the South Korean film industry. But we should start out by acknowledging its success. In considering some of the reasons for the recent success of South Korean cinema, two further observations can be made. First, if we pay attention to the international export success of South Korean cinema, we can see that it has carved out a new route. This is based on regional markets at least as much as Europe and the United States. Second, unlike the successes of the Taiwanese and Chinese â€Å"new waves† since the 1980s, it is not based on the old European art cinema model. This raises a question about the viability of art cinema, independent feature films, short films, independent documentary, and other less profitable and commercial modes of filmmaking in South Korea. It may even lead some people to believe that those other modes of filmmaking are not an integral part of the new South Korean cinema success story. Yet, my third and final point will be to argue against this and for the importance of what I want to tentatively call â€Å"full service cinema,† includ ing a full range of modes of production and consumption. In making this point, I want to challenge another very common assumption not only in South Korea but everywhere—the idea that art cinema and independent cinema are opposed to mainstream commercial cinema. While there may be an aesthetic opposition between them, it is a strategic mistake to translate this into an institutional opposition. Even though their philosophies may be very different, as I will attempt to outline today, they need each other to succeed.

Five Phases of Project Management

Assignment – Five Phases Project Management Strategy November 5, 2012 Five Phases of Project Management Life cycle management is a business management approach that can be used by all types of businesses (and other organizations) to improve their products and thus the sustainability, employing the principles of project life cycle – the five phases of project management, which consists of, initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, and closure. Iniation PhaseThe first phase of a project is the initiation phase. During this phase, a business problem or opportunity is identified and a business case providing various solution options is defined. Once the recommended solution is approved, a project is initiated to deliver the approved solution. Terms of reference are completed outlining the objectives, scope and structure of the new project and a project manager is appointed. The project manager begins recruiting a project team and establishes a project office environment. Within the initiation phase, the business problem or opportunity is identified, a solution is defined, a project is formed and a project team is appointed to build and deliver the solution to the customer (Barkley, 2005). Planning Phase Often the most time-consuming of the phases of project management, the Planning phase is where you lay your project groundwork and is critical for a successful implementation of the subsequent Execution phase (Reynolds, 2009).Additionally, in this phase Project Planning builds on the work done in Project Initiation, refining and augmenting Cost, Scope, Schedule and Quality (CSSQ) and Project Plan deliverables. Usually, additional members join the Project Team, and they assist the Project Manager in further elaborating the details of the Cost, Scope, Schedule and Quality (Macek, 2010). The planning phase produces a project plan, project charter and/or project scope outlining the work to be performed. During this phase, a team should prioritize the pro ject, calculate a budget and schedule, and determine what resources are needed0 (LaBrosse, 2008).This phase is the basis for the successful execution of the subsequent Executing phase. The planning phase is also the phase where, definition of work packages, detailed planning, clarification of responsibilities, risk analysis, and interfaces are defined. Project Planning marks the completion of the Project Plan –i. e. , no work is left uncovered. Execution Phase Execution. This is where the project team does the work to crate the final deliverables of the project. It is the largest part of most projects and it goes far better if adequate time was taken to properly plan the work of the project (Reynolds, 2009).Resources' tasks are distributed and teams are informed of responsibilities. This is a good time to bring up important project related information (Project Plan Execution, 2009). During the Execution phase, the project manager spends a considerable amount of time in commun ication making sure the resources (people, equipment and materials) are available to do their work and know what work needs to be completed. There is a significant amount of work in this phase, as a project manager works to juggle many aspects of the project.During this phase, you'll use all of your management skills to implement and manage cost and quality, risks and change, and several other factors (Reynolds, 2009). Monitoring The next phase of the Project management life cycle is monitoring. Successful Project Management Principles & Controls are summarized as three main methods; continual focus on the Project Plan, constant update of the Project Plan (especially the triple restraints, and most importantly, measure status and project progress against the Project Plan -making adjustments to get back on track, if necessary (Project Plan Execution, 2009) .Closure In Project Closeout, the Project Team assesses the outcome of the project, as well as the performance of the Project Team and the Performing Organization. This is accomplished primarily through soliciting and evaluating feedback from Customers, Project Team members, Consumers and other stakeholders. The primary purpose of this assessment is to document best practices and lessons learned for use on future projects. In addition, key project metrics are also captured to enable the Performing Organization to compare and evaluate erformance measurements across projects. Project completion is signified by accomplishments such as (1) all tasks finished, (2) agreed deliverables completed, (3) testing completed, and (4) training materials prepared. The project benefits should be measured and compared with the final business case. Not all the benefits of the project are immediately apparent. The results must be compared with the cost-benefit analysis along with all the other forecast benefits that the project was planned to provide the organisation.Analyzes how each phase could support the organizationâ₠¬â„¢s business strategy. There is a dramatic rise in the use of project management as organizations shift to provide customer driven results and systems solutions. Some implementations of project management have been successful, while others are incredible failures. A common occurrence in many organizations is too many projects being attempted by too few people with no apparent link to strategy or organizational goals.Unfortunately, this is why the organization I currently work in is struggling to successfully complete the EMR, too few resources and too many projects being implemented simultaneously and most not align with the strategic plan. Experience indicates that the support of upper management is critical to project success, upper management was absent as participants of the project until the decision was made to delay the go-live. In our case, Upper management did not take action to create an environment for more successful projects in their organizations.Project management m ust be regarded as a company-wide project management competency designed to benefit the entire company (Kerzner, 2005). It also includes developing a corporate culture that is based upon effective organizational behavior and creating a well-developed project management methodology, accompanied by the proper supporting tools, which is vital to achieving organizational goals. Once the organization recognizes that project management is a core competency, the organization can convert this competency into a sustainable competitive advantage.The ultimate purpose is for the sustainable competitive advantage to become the pathway for a strategic competency that becomes a primary drive during strategic planning activities (Kerzner, 2005. As the project management strategy matures, the business value derived from each phase increases. Increased value subsequent to increase project portfolio leads to the alignment of project management and organizational strategy across the organization/enterp rise. Keeping each phase of the project on track yields a successful project, which means managing the triple constraints and strict management of metrics (monitoring phase).The project goals then extend throughout the team to the suppliers, contractors, and stakeholders. The five phases of project management assists the organization in creating a strategic value chain that gives companies a competitive edge. References Kerzner, H. (2005). Using the Project Management Maturity Model: Strategic planning for project management (2nd ed. ). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. LaBrosse, M. (2008). Key principles of project management. Food Management, 43(5), 27-27. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/215900222? ccountid=32521 Macek, W. (2010). Methodologies of project management. Wspolczesna Ekonomia, 4(4), 267. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/1115291842? accountid=32521 Project Plan Execution – where you â€Å"walk the walk† as the Pr oject Manager. (2009). Retrieved from URL Managerhttp://www. mastering-project-management. com/project-plan-execution. html Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13). Phases of project management: Initiation. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1672. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13).Phases of project management: Planning. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1673. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, July 28). Phases of project management: Execution. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1674. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13). Phases of project management: Monitoring. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1675. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13). Phases of project management: Closing. Bright Hub weblog.

Jimmy Smits--A Biographical Summary.

Jimmy SmitsA Biographical Summary. On July 9, 1955, one of the most prominent Hispanic actors was born. His name is Jimmy Smits, a.k.a. Detective Bobby Simone on NYPD Blue. Smits has helped increase the visibility of Hispanics in non-typecast roles on television. He has also made his appearance in several movies, and he lends his support to groups concerning themselves with Hispanic issues.Jimmy Smits was born in Brooklyn, New York. His father came from Surinam, and his mother came from Puerto Rico, where he spent most of his childhood. Smits eventually returned to Brooklyn and attended Jefferson High School. Jimmy played football at firststanding six feet, two inches tallbut decided later on that acting was more important to him. He quit football and joined every dramatic production he possibly could, even at other schools.No one in Smits' family went away to college, but he changed all that by going to Brooklyn College to study drama and earn a B.A.Jimmy Dean and Large DogsAfter that, he attended Cornell to earn an M.A. in theater. As an ambitious young actor, Jimmy's dream was to perfect his craft and work on high-quality projects with high-minded people. In reality, however, he spent his first years in the business playing roles that did not meet his artistic expectations.At that time, many Hispanics and African Americans were not given that much of a chance in acting. Sure, they got parts, but the roles they played were misleading toward their race. After landing a part in L.A. Law in 1986, Smits changed all that. More and more Hispanics were appearing in films and television shows. Soon after Jimmy's debut on L.A. Law, he landed parts in Running Scared, The Believers, Stamp of a Killer, and Glitz in only three years!Then, in 1994, Smits joined the cast of NYPD Blue,

Terrorism response

Terrorism response Know Your Terrorist PAGE 3Know Your TerroristMelissa Chastain, Jesse Digiovanni,Glenda Miranda, and Courtney TerrellUniversity of PheonixCJA/313 OntarioKeith A. GreenNovember 26, 2007Al-Ittihad al-Islami (AIAI)Duale A. Sii'arag (2005). The Birth and Rise of Al-Ittihad Al-Islami in the Somali Inhabited Regions in the Horn of Africa.Al-Wafa al-Igatha al-IslamiaSumner, Tim (2007). Ex-Guantanamo detainees on trial in Morocco for terrorism. Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from 911familiesforamerica.org/?s=guant%C3%A1namoAsbat al-Ansar'Asbat al-Ansar (N.D.). Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from fas.org/irp/world/para/asbat.htm4. Darkazanli CompanyChediak, Mark (2005). Following the Money: Tracking Down Al Qaeda's Fund Raisers in Europe. Retried on November 20, 2007 from http:/www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline5. Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC)Keats, Anthony (2003). Center for Defense Information. The Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC) Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from cdi.o rg/program/issue/document.cfm?DocumentID=386IssueID=56StartRow=1ListRows=10appendURL=Orderby=DateLastUpdatedProgramID=39issueID=56.6. Islamic Army of AdenThe Islamic Army (1999).Sea Tigers freighter sunk by Sri Lankan Air Force ...Abu al-Hassan and the Islamic Army of Aden-Abyan. Retrieved on November 20, 2007 from al-bab.com/yemen/hamza/hassan.htm.7. Libyan Islamic Fighting GroupBlack, Andrew (2007). The Reconstituted Al-Qaeda Threat in the Maghreb. Terrorism Monitor: Vol. 5 Issue 2.8. Jamiat ul-MujahideenMahbub, A. G. (2007). Islamic Terrorist Leaders Shun Suicide. Retrieved March 22, 2007 from http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?no=351550rel_no=19. Ansar Al-IslamSchanzer, J. (2003). Ansar Al-Islam: Iraq's Al-Qaeda Connection. Retrieved March 25, 2007from frontpagemag.com/Articles/Printable.asp?ID=557110. Armed Islamic Group (GIA)Pike, J. (2004). Armed Islamic Group. Retrieved March 25, 2007 fromfas.org/irp/world/para/gia.htm11. Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ)Pi ke, J. (2004). Palestine Islamic Jihad. Retrieved March 25, 2007 fromfas.org/irp/world/para/pij.htm12. Jemaah Islamiah, Islamic Group, Islamic CommunityJemaah Islamiyah. (2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 25, 2007from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jemaah_Islamiyaholdid=11881530213. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)Pike, J. (2004). Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. Retrieved March 25, 2007 fromfas.org/irp/world/para/ltte.htm14. Moranzanist...

Making Movies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Making Movies - Essay Example His critical analysis and great knowledge makes his book a must read for all amateurs who are learning the art of filmmaking. His book almost covers all aspects required to make a creditable film. He gives detailed knowledge about music, production, direction, props, cameras, editing, cinematography, scripts, actors etc. Â  This book provides a vision and a guiding pathway for all those who are entering this field and all those young filmmakers intending to make this vast field as their ongoing profession. In the movie The Verdict director Sidney Lumet according to me does not come up to my level of expectation as a lot more could have been done. After reading the novel I personally think direction was not as strong as it should have been for a person with so much in depth knowledge of the field. The level and the bar raised by Sidney are quite high which he didn’t sustain in this book. This clearly explains that despite the great effort and techniques involved far more could be done to make the movie a success. Apparently this movie for me was a very entertaining and a top notch courtroom based drama which had elements of tragedy, suspense, fraud, emotions and romance making it a complete story. Sidney holds this view that the script should disturb the conventional balance. Astonish the reader, entertains, intrigues and then when it is about to conclude the reader must develop a feeling that this was meant to happen. This precisely means that the script is the skeleton for any film and a good script keeps the audience awe struck. Likewise in the movie the script is one of the most complex elements, when Frank goes to meet his mom he is immensely affected by her present state which brilliantly unveiled another side of Frank. Â  Sidney believes that usually he is not thinking about the viewer might react; there are basically two perspectives when it comes to life that have a great impact, that is precisely life and death. These aspects are so intense

Strategic issues in banking and insurance Essay

Strategic issues in banking and insurance - Essay Example In developed world where most of the sector is de-regulated and enjoy substantial degree of freedom and autonomy, political influences may not be there however, in developing countries, this may not be the case. Developing countries do not have very well grown financial sector and most of the institutions are either directly owned or controlled by the government themselves or governments have the substantial share in them. This allows the government to largely influence the banks especially to engage into practices which may not be in direct interest of the deposit holders of those banks. The era after 9/11 have seen a new shift into the industry in terms of influence of political forces on it. The anti-money laundering rules, terrorist funding etc were some of the key strategic issues which put extra pressures on the banks and insurance companies to devise methods and strategies which can effectively help in tackling issues like illegal money laundering, channeling of funds through SWIFT etc to the supposedly terrorist organizations etc. The current economic trends especially the crisis emerged due to the subprime mortgages is considered now as one of the great strategic challenge faced by most of the players in the financial sector industry. Subprime mortgages are considered as the threat which has largely been created by the banks themselves as they tend to violate their own prudent lending policies in order to capture the market. This has therefore provided them an opportunity to earn at the cost of incurring high cost. â€Å"Sub-Prime lending typically has been characterized as lending at relatively costly interest rates and fees to credit impaired or otherwise high risk borrowers.† (Lax, Manti and Raca). Subprime loans are among the newly popular mortgage products, such as interest-only loans, for people with strained budgets, including first-time buyers. Homeowners increasingly use them to refinance and consolidate household debts

The management strategy of Blackberry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The management strategy of Blackberry - Essay Example Center of discussion in this paper is Blackberry as a major player in the smart phone and mobile email markets around the world. The brand was designed and developed by the Canadian firm Research in Motion (RIM) and has been operational in the smart phone markets since 1999. The typical Blackberry device is created to function as a personal digital assistant, portable media player, internet browser, gaming device and many other similar functions. The largest competitive advantage available to Blackberry devices in comparison to other smart phones is their ability to send and receive push email and instant messaging while preserving a lot of security through patented encryption methods. Typical Blackberry devices support many instant messaging features including the Blackberry Messenger. For the fiscal year 2011, Blackberry sales accounted for 3% of all mobile device sales around the world. This makes RIM the sixth most popular device manufacturer in the world, as 25% of all mobile de vices manufactured in the world are smart phones. The trademark Blackberry Internet Service is offered in 91 countries through some 500 mobile service operators who provide differing mobile technologies. An estimate from October 2011 places the number of global Blackberry subscribers at 70 million. The greatest market penetration of Blackberry smart phones is in the Caribbean and Latin America with market penetration levels of up to 45% in the region. ... s that Android has the largest market share at 13% followed by Blackberry at 10% with Apple lagging behind at 9% while Windows Phone stands at a measly 1% only. The British market is also seeing a general increase in smart phones in the overall mobile phone market. Within this scope of expansion, the share of RIM increased by 4% while Apple expanded by 2% to their overall market share. However, these increases pale in comparison to strides by Android that grew to twice its previous market size. The increase from Android’s end can largely be attributed to mid-range headsets manufactured by HTC and Samsung that are also supporting Windows small market share (Brill, 2012). Blackberry’s and its competition’s overall market share reveals a lot given that Blackberry stands at 22.3% of the smart phone market while Android stands at 45.2% with Apple lagging behind at 18.3%. When these figures are compared to the market growth rates reported previously, it becomes clear t hat Blackberry’s greatest competition stems from Android. In order to find a better marketing scheme it is necessary to study why Blackberry is losing to Android in certain areas and gaining in others. While Blackberry is losing fast to competition from Android around the world, but consumers in Spain and the United Kingdom are holding strong to Blackberry. The youth market is supportive of Blackberry because of the large volumes of text messages and instant messaging services used by them. The primary usages of young consumers are messaging services that are harder to use in conventional handsets when compared to smart phones such as Blackberry. One major advantage available to Blackberry when compared to Android is the trademark QWERTY physical keyboard that is standard to all Blackberry devices but